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.One abolitionist, Lydia MariaChild, described these laws as nothing more than a legalizedcontempt of color. 67 Such laws were, unfortunately, onthe books in every state in the Union.Differences existedbetween the states in this regard, of course.New Englandstates, for example, allowed free blacks to vote.The laws ingeneral, though, segregated blacks in the use of a variety ofpublic facilities.They also denied blacks the right to migrateinto several states in the West.Opportunities were few andlimited for America s blacks, even those who were freemen.They were permitted to take only jobs that required no realskill.These restrictions placed on America s blacks a badgeof inferiority.Garrison did have a solid core of supporters, bothblack and white, in Boston, throughout New England, andbeyond.Garrison s fervent message that slavery mustbe abolished immediately would not fall on deaf ears.His concept of immediatism soon found converts in NewYork City, upstate New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, inaddition to New England.Supporters grew in number, andthey, too, came to believe that slavery was morally wrongand that they must fight for emancipation.Some of thosewho took up the cause as their own were inspired by awave of religious revivalism that had been sweeping theUnited States, especially the North, during the late 1820s.Fired with religious zeal, they viewed slavery as one ofthe greatest sins of man against man.These converts to66The Abolitionist MovementIn 1833, William Lloyd Garrison (depicted here) and Arthur Tappanfounded the American Anti-Slavery Society.Within two years of itsfounding, the society had more than 150,000 members in 1,000local chapters throughout the country.immediatism called on all Americans to recognize theirChristian duty to end a system of human bondage thatdeprived the enslaved of their God-given right to be freemoral beings. 68ORGANIZING BEHIND THE CAUSEEven though William Lloyd Garrison s voice began to beheard across the United States, he was only one voice; onlyone man.Although others supported him in their protest of67The Making of an Abolitionistlaws that denied blacks their freedom and in their passionatewriting about the wrongness of slavery, there was a needfor abolitionists to work together and in tandem as muchas possible.This meant that the movement needed toorganize itself on a national scale.Without such an umbrellaorganization, the words of Garrison and his supportersmight not be heard outside black communities across theNorth.In 1832, he and others formed the New England Anti-Slavery Society in Boston in the city s first black church, theAfrican Meeting House.The society was open to both blackand white members, and it joined with another group, theMassachusetts General Colored Association, which wasfounded in 1826.American abolitionists could look across the Atlanticfor one of the best examples of how to successfully organizeagainst slavery.In 1833, British antislavery advocatesbanded together and helped bring about legal changesthat called for gradual emancipation in Great Britain sslave colonies in the Caribbean.This action was enough toinspire American abolitionists to meet, again with Garrison shelp, in Philadelphia in December 1833 and organize theAmerican Anti-Slavery Society (AASS).The organizationreceived much of its financial backing from two wealthyNew York businessmen and brothers, Arthur and LewisTappan, who were already members of several reformsocieties in New York.The AASS counted important blackmembers among its ranks.The society hosted some of themost inspiring black voices of its time, including those ofFrederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, and William WellsBrown, and they helped to recruit new members and broadenthe society s appeal [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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